The Winchester Model 1897 is one of the most iconic shotguns in American firearms history. Designed by John Browning and introduced at the tail end of the 19th century, the 1897 was revolutionary in its time. It was the first truly successful pump-action shotgun, and its legacy has only grown over the decades. Whether found in the trenches of World War I, slung behind the seat of an old pickup truck, or proudly displayed in a collector’s cabinet, the 1897 holds a special place in the gun world.
Today, the search for an original Winchester 1897 for sale isn’t just about owning a functional firearm—it’s about capturing a piece of American heritage. For collectors, not all Winchester 1897s are created equal. Certain variants stand out for their rarity, history, condition, and unique characteristics. In this article, we’ll explore the top five Winchester 1897 variants that collectors actively seek out, and what makes each one so desirable.
1. Trench Gun Variant (WWI & WWII Military Models)
Perhaps the most iconic and collectible variant of the Winchester 1897 is the military-issued trench gun. These were specially designed for combat, most notably seeing action in World War I, where they earned the nickname "trench broom" due to their devastating effectiveness in close-quarters combat.
The trench gun variant featured a 20-inch barrel, a heat shield over the barrel to protect the user’s hand during sustained fire, and a bayonet lug for use with the M1917 bayonet. It was also capable of slam-fire—meaning it could fire each time the pump was cycled, as long as the trigger was held down—an uncommon and intimidating feature.
These shotguns were manufactured under military contract and bear distinct U.S. Ordnance markings, such as the “U.S.” stamp and flaming bomb insignia on the receiver and barrel. Collectors highly prize these markings as proof of authenticity. The trench gun’s rugged battlefield history, combined with relatively low production numbers compared to civilian models, make it one of the most sought-after Winchester 1897 variants on the market.
Finding an original Winchester 1897 for sale with confirmed trench gun markings and matching parts is increasingly rare, and the value of such models continues to climb year after year.
2. Riot Gun Variant
Closely related to the trench gun, the riot gun was another short-barreled version of the 1897, generally made with a 20-inch barrel but lacking the heat shield and bayonet lug. While some riot guns were produced for military or law enforcement use, many were sold to private security firms, railroads, banks, and prisons.
Unlike the trench model, riot guns often don’t have military markings, though some do. The simplicity of the design makes these variants slightly more available to collectors, but original, unaltered riot guns are still considered highly collectible.
What makes the riot gun special is its historical role in domestic security during a transformative time in U.S. history. These shotguns were used in labor strikes, civil unrest, and protection of critical infrastructure in the early 20th century. Many riot guns bear wear and tear from real-world use, which adds character, though collectors tend to favor well-preserved or original-condition examples.
Riot guns also retain the slam-fire capability, and their compact size makes them practical for display or even occasional use. They appeal to collectors looking for historical firearms with a more law-and-order twist than battlefield glory.
3. Take-Down Models
The take-down version of the Winchester 1897 allowed users to separate the barrel and magazine assembly from the receiver and buttstock. This made transportation and cleaning far easier, which proved especially popular among hunters, trappers, and sportsmen in the early 1900s.
Take-down models were available across various grades and configurations, including Standard, Trap, and Tournament models. What makes them especially collectible today is their mechanical precision and versatility. A well-maintained take-down 1897 still locks up tightly and operates smoothly even after a century of use.
From a collector’s standpoint, the take-down model offers more than just practicality. They often represent a higher-end build quality and were offered in many finish and wood grades. Serial numbers and factory stamps can confirm whether a gun was originally produced as a take-down model or later modified, which is a crucial detail for collectors seeking authenticity.
When looking at a Winchester 1897 for sale, take-down versions in factory-original condition, with matching serials and wood/metal finish, are prime targets for those who want a mix of utility and collectibility.
4. Trap and Tournament Grade Models
For collectors with an eye toward craftsmanship and refinement, the Trap and Tournament Grade Winchester 1897s are the cream of the crop. These models were aimed at competitive shooters and enthusiasts who wanted something more elegant than a standard field gun.
Trap and Tournament models often featured upgraded walnut stocks, finely checkered grips, and higher-quality bluing. Some even included factory engraving, custom stock dimensions, and other fit-and-finish improvements. These guns were used in early trap shooting competitions, a popular pastime in the first half of the 20th century.
Because they were expensive at the time, fewer were made compared to standard field-grade models, making them relatively rare today. Many of these guns were also used heavily in sport shooting, so finding one in high condition can be difficult.
Collectors value these variants not only for their scarcity but also for their connection to early American sport shooting history. If you come across a Winchester 1897 for sale with trap or tournament markings, it's worth taking a closer look—it might be one of the higher-grade rarities.
5. Solid Frame Early Production Models (Pre-1900)
The earliest Winchester 1897s were solid frame models—meaning they could not be taken down like later versions. Produced in the late 1890s, these early guns are easily identifiable by their serial numbers, which began at 1 and climbed steadily into the millions by the end of production in 1957.
Solid frame 1897s carry special historical weight as the foundation of the entire 1897 legacy. These guns are pure Browning—showcasing the original engineering vision that revolutionized shotguns. Early models are particularly collectible because they reflect the dawn of pump-action shotgun technology, and they often have features that were later changed or eliminated.
Collectors often seek out these guns in their original configurations: full-length barrels, early-style buttplates, and non-replaced stocks. The earliest examples, especially those with serial numbers below 100,000, are extremely desirable. Any early model in original, working condition can command serious interest among seasoned Winchester collectors.
Solid frame models may lack the modularity of take-downs, but their historical purity and rarity make them a foundational piece in any Winchester shotgun collection.
What to Look for When Buying a Winchester 1897
If you're actively looking for a winchester 1897 for sale, there are a few key factors to consider:
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Condition: Look for original finish on both wood and metal. Refinishing can hurt collector value.
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Markings: Military markings, serial numbers, and proof stamps all contribute to authenticity.
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Matching Numbers: Ensure that all serialized components match—this is especially important for take-down models.
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Functionality: A working 1897 is a marvel of mechanical design. Check for action smoothness, tight lock-up, and safe slam-fire operation.
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Documentation: Original manuals, boxes, or military papers can add significant value.
As always, buy from trusted sources, ask questions, and don’t be afraid to walk away from a deal that feels off. Originality and authenticity matter more than anything in the world of collectible firearms.
Finding a Winchester 1897 for Sale Today
Given the Winchester 1897's historical value and collectibility, it's no surprise that finding an original in good condition can be a rewarding but challenging pursuit. Whether you're on the hunt for a trench gun, riot variant, or an elegant trap model, platforms like GunsAmerica remain valuable resources for serious collectors. With careful searching, knowledge, and a bit of patience, that perfect Winchester 1897 might just be a few clicks away.
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